Gallery

A thermal plume imaged by shadowgraph

Plumes and background stirring imaged by Particle Image Velocimetry

Sterocscopic view of an illumated plane with thermal plumes

Onset of convection imaged by thermochrmic liquid crystals

Finite-Time Lyapunov Exponent (FTLE, left panel) field and plume clusters (right panel) showing dozens of plumes

Visualize a plume with Thermochromic Liquid Crystals (TLCs)